In the United States and Canada, neurologists
are physicians who have completed postgraduate training in neurology after
graduation from medical school. Neurologists complete, on
average, at least 10–12 years of college education and clinical training. This
training includes obtaining a four-year undergraduate degree, a medical degree,
which is an additional four years, and then completing a three or four-year
residency in neurology. The four-year residency consists of one year of
internal medicine training followed by three years of training in neurology.
One and two year fellowships are available following completion of the
neurology residency if desired.
Many neurologists also have additional
subspecialty training (fellowships) after completing their residency in one
area of neurology such as stroke or vascular neurology, interventional neurology, epilepsy,
neuromuscular, neurorehabilitation, behavioral neurology, sleep medicine,
pain management, neuroimmunology, clinical neurophysiology, or movement
disorders.
In Germany, a compulsory year of psychiatry must
be done to complete a residency of neurology.
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| Harvard Medical School |
In the United Kingdom and Ireland, neurology is
a subspecialty of general (internal) medicine. After five to nine years of
medical school and a year as a pre-registration house officer (or two years on
the Foundation Programme) a neurologist must pass the examination for Membership of the Royal College of
Physicians (or the Irish equivalent) before entering specialist
training in neurology. A generation ago some neurologists would also spend a
couple of years working in psychiatric units and obtain a Diploma in
Psychological Medicine, but that became uncommon and now that a basic
psychiatric qualification takes three years to obtain it is no longer
practical. A period of research is essential, and obtaining a higher degree
aids career progression: many found it was eased after an attachment to the
Institute of Neurology at Queen Square in London. Some neurologists enter the
field of rehabilitation medicine (known as physiatry in
the US) to specialise in neurological rehabilitation, which may include stroke
medicine as well as brain injuries.
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Neurologists are medical
professionals who are specialists in the field of diagnosing and treating
conditions that affect the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord)
and the peripheral nervous system (the nerves, nerve roots and muscles). They
perform neurological tests on different parts of the nervous system and often
examine the muscle movement, reflexes, sensation and other cognitive abilities,
in order to properly diagnose and treat related disorders. In order to become
specialists of the nervous system, medical practitioners need to undergo
extensive specialized training after completing medical school.
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A medical student must
first concentrate on becoming a medical doctor or a doctor of osteopathy, by
completing an undergraduate program plus a medical degree of 4 years and a year
of internship (with minimum of 8 months of internal medicine).
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After internship, the
medical doctor must complete a neurology residency requirement of 3 years.
Residency programs must be certified by the Accreditation Council for Graduate
Medical Education (ACGME). These programs help in providing exposure to
hospital and ambulatory care settings, educational conferences and research
trainings. After completion of the residency training, neurologists may join a
subspecialty fellowship program specializing in movement disorders, stroke and
dementia. Further, physicians interested in child neurology have three options
for completion of their initial residency: 1 year in internal medicine followed
by 1 year in pediatrics, 2 years in pediatrics residency or 1 year in research
and 1 year in pediatrics.
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Medical doctors must be
licensed by their state and then can seek board certification from the American
Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) or the American Board of Medical
Specialties (ABMS). Only physicians who have a high degree of skill in the
field of neurology are certified. Before getting board certification, a doctor
must complete 3 years of residency in neurology, must possess a medical license
and clear both written and oral exams of the ABPN. Certification from the ABPN
has to be renewed from time to time.
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